Mark Dow

Space Software animations

"Changing Brains" example animations

First rough cut

   An example style of a rotating brain

test_V1_motor_highlight.swf  (9 MB)

    An example brain surface, a single high resolution frame:

test_brain_surface_frame.jpg

final_brain_surface_frame.jpg see Brain rotation higher resolution frames

    Brain rotation keyframes and angle codes

frame T-10 R-0	frame T-10 R-45	frame T-10 R-90	frame T-10 R-135
frame T-10 R-180	frame T-10 R-225	frame T-10 R-270	frame T-10 R-315
frame T-60 R-0	frame T-60 R-45	frame T-60 R-90	frame T-60 R-135
frame T-60 R-180	frame T-60 R-225	frame T-60 R-270	frame T-60 R-315
frame T-90 R-0	frame T-90 R-0	frame T-90 R-0	frame T-90 R-0

    Brain rotation higher resolution frames

    Brain rotation animation

    Introduction

    Static Background Brain Peach_Colin_reference_frames_T-10_R-090.jpg (side view), 

    Math ROI animations

Individual layer clips

	Background brain (reversed): Peach_Colin_090-134.avi  Peach_Colin_135-179.avi Math_IPS_DE_R-180-91.avi (350 MB, blue) Math_IG_DE_R-180-91.avi (green)	Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi  Math_IPS_EF_T-10-60_R-90.avi (blue) Math_IG-IFG_EF_T-10-60_R-90.avi (green and red)
D	E	F

Revision:

At :39, the "LEFT ANGULAR GYRUS" label and region are shown correctly (green). Brain rotates to side view (fade in of LAG), but then

Hold on brain at side view (at ~ :47, the last frame of  Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi ) and fade in of first frame of Math_IG-IFG_EF_T-10-60_R-90.avi (no more rotation). Please remove the green LAG from this frame. Then fade in the  "INFERIOR FRONTAL GYRUS" label, while holding on this side view with the red IFG visible.

   Vision ROI animations

Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi Eyeballs_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Optic_nerves_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Optic_white_matter_T-10-60_R-90.avi	V1_T-10-60_R-90.avi	MT_T-10-60_R-90.avi	IPS_T-10-60_R-90.avi	FFA_T-10-60_R-90.avi
eyeballs	optic nerves	optic white matter nerves	primary visual areas sagital view at T = 10 degrees	"motion" axial view at T = 60 degrees	"form" axial view at T = 60 degrees	"color" [It seems that color isn't mentioned in the script. If so, not needed.]

"The lens of the eye focuses light into an image at the back of the eye."

"Here bright and dark are turned into electrical signals that travel through the optic nerve to the mid-brain and on to the back of the brain."

"A large portion of the brain is devoted to interpreting these visual signals – how bright the image is,"

Highlight V1_T-10-60_R-90.avi (green)

"...how it is moving and changing" 

Highlight MT_T-10-60_R-90.avi 

"...and how patterns are arranged."

"Which are favored depend on what the baby sees...:less used connections are broken fade from fig. 3 to fig 4"

No flashes of electricity in dentritic fibers, slow fadout from neurons graphic with lots of connections to that with fewer connections
(Drawing by Christina Karnes, right click for full resolution)

"There is a two-way street between what kids see and how there brain is prepared to interpret what they see. For example, all kids figure out what's important about written words and letters -- the letter shape, or how letters and words are grouped together -- by seeing many examples of letters -- on street signs or in a book or comic strip."

changing text, books, other visuals that include many fonts and sizes of text, in front of eyes


Iconic "two-way road" maybe with arrows showing information flowing to and from visual brain areas. Brain "sees" blurry, chopped up image of what's in front of the eyes. Flashing stars over the back part of brain indicate neuronal roganization and firing.


Image brain sees comes into focus. More flashing stars on brain.

Image brain sees gets more organized, more like what is in front of eyes.


The brain "sees" a unified concept of "cat", clear and unambiguous

2/26/09

At 0:46:

stay on the side view (don't rotate):

"A large portion of the brain is devoted to interpreting these visual signals – how bright the image is,"

Highlight only first frame of V1_T-10-60_R-90.avi (green)

"...how it is moving and changing" 

Highlight only first frame of MT_T-10-60_R-90.avi 

"...and how patterns are arranged."

Highlight only first frame of IPS_T-10-60_R-90.avi

At 2:03:

Same as is, but take out optic chiasm (only eyes, brain and iconic stars flashing)

At 3:37:

 Eyes and brain only (without optic nerve), and stay on the side view (don't rotate)

    For "...any part of the brain is damaged.."
       

flash fuzzy spot on back part of brain:

Motor ROI animations

Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi (first 46 frames, T-10-45) Thalmus_T-10-44_R-90.avi (175 MB, purple)	Peach_Colin_T-45_R-90-135.avi Thalmus_T-45_R-90-135.avi (175 MB, green)	Peach_Colin_T-44-10_R-135.avi Thalmus_T-44-10_R-135.avi	Peach_Colin_090-134.avi (reversed) Thalmus_T-10_R-135-90.avi  (3 frames, static)
A (sagital view) T-10_R-90 Thalmus	B T-45_R-90-135	C T-44-10_R-135	D T-10_R-135-90
	OLD: Cereb_T-45_R-90-135.avi NEW: Cerrebelum_T-10_R-90.avi	OLD: Cereb_T-45-10_R-135.avi	OLD: Cereb_T-10_R-135-90.avi
	Cerrebelum
	Basal_ganglia_T-45_R-90-135.avi	Basal_ganglia_T-45-10_R-135.avi	Basal_ganglia_T-10_R-135-90.avi
	Basal ganglia
	Motor_T-45_R-90-135.avi	Motor_T-45-10_R-135.avi	Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi
	Motor cortex
	Premotor_T-45_R-90-135.avi	Premotor_T-45-10_R-135.avi	Premotor_T-10_R-135-90.avi
	Premotor cortex

All static images (from side, T = 10, R = 90) ordered and blended as follows:

Background brain (first frame of Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi)

"These systems control movement..."

Fade in (add) Motor cortex (last frame of  Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi). 
"MOTOR SYSTEM" label

"...balance..."

Fade out Motor cortex, and  fade in Cerebellum (any frame of  Cerrebelum_T-10_R-90.avi). 

"KINESTHETIC SYSTEM" label

"...and even brain areas that relay input from the surrounding world..."

 Fade out Cerebellum and fade in Thalmus, last frame of  Thalmus_T-10-44_R-90.avi).

          "SENSORY SYSTEM" label

"...a sensory brain region begins to process this information..."
"Thalmus" label

NOTE: Don't rotate, stay on side view.

"... then part of the brain that controls movement and balance ..."

Fade in Cerebellum (any frame of  Cerrebelum_T-10_R-90.avi). 

"Cerebellum" label [NOTE: This is the correct spelling, I spelled the filename incorrectly. This is correct in the current version]

at 1:50 "...while movement is controlled by the brain's motor systems ..."

Fade in Motor cortex (last frame of  Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi). 

Then fade in (add) Premotor cortex (last frame of  Premotor_T-10_R-135-90.avi).

"Motor cortex" label

"...Within the motor systems there are specific regions that control gross movements, such as running..."

Fade out Motor cortex, and add "Premotor cortex" label.

"...A separate region, the motor cortex, controls fine movements such as..."

Fade out Premotor cortex, and fade in Motor cortex (last frame of  Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi).

"Motor cortex" label.

"For example the nerves that represent the arms are next to nerves that represent the arms ..."

"...are next to the shoulder, and so forth..."

Attention ROI animations

Each column refers to an overlay, each row one rotation sequence:

Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi  Frontal_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Cingulate_2_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Parietal_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Basal_ganglia_T-10-60_R-90.avi
frontal, "maintaining attention"	cingulate, "controlling or regulating", sagital view	parietal, "orienting attention"	"awake and alert, deep structure" basal ganglia

"These three aspects of attention include"
"Orienting our attention -"

Background brain (Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi) rotating to high angle (T=60 degrees) with a fade-in of parietal (Parietal_T-10-60_R-90.avi).

"Maintaining our attention -"

fade-in of frontal (Frontal_T-10-60_R-90.avi).

"And controlling or regulating our attention-"

fade-in of cingulate (Cingulate_T-10-60_R-90.avi).

“One of the earliest attention skills to develop is the ability to orient, or move attention from one thing to another”

[ rotate highlighting of  the three brain areas (above), parietal, frontal, cingulate?]

“One of the brain areas most involved with this is the parietal lobe”.

Highlight and/or zoom in on last frame of Parietal_T-10-60_R-90.avi relative to the other regions.

“ This aspect of attention isn’t developed at the time of birth.”

"During the first few years of life, a different attention skill is beginning to develop

the ability to stay awake and alert, which is regulated by structures deep inside the brain,"

Background Brain (Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi  rotating from T=60 down to T=10 (all these animations reversed) with a fade-in of basal ganglia (Basal_ganglia_T-10-60_R-90.avi)

"as well frontal and parietal areas of the cortex."

fade-in of frontal (Frontal_T-10-60_R-90.avi) and Parietal_T-10-60_R-90.avi  (first 35 frames).

"Their motor and language skills "

 brain cross-section showing developed motor ( Peach_Colin_T-44-10_R-135.avi background with Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi and Premotor_T-45-10_R-135.avi overlays, last frames at T=10, R=90 only) [To Do: and same frames of language skills] 

"allowing them to move, talk, and interact"

"is just beginning to emerge."

Auditory ROI animations

Head_slice_through_ears.avi (3 frames static)
Head slice through ears
Background brain: Peach_Colin_000-044.avi Peach_Colin_045-089.avi Auditory_nerves_T-10_R-0-90.avi	Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi Auditory_nerves_T-10-60_R-90.avi
"auditory nerves", front view	"auditory nerves", side view
Auditory_cortex_T-10_R-0-90.avi	Auditory_cortex_T-10-60_R-90.avi
"auditory cortex", front view	"auditory cortex", side view

"...ending in the temporal lobe."

Fade in auditory cortex (first frame of Auditory_cortex_T-10-60_R-90.avi ), and hold on this static image (don't rotate again).
with the portion of auditory cortex on the far side darkened to indicate depth and to deemphasize, something like this:

Language ROI animations

Background brain: Peach_Colin_045-089.avi AG_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Superior_temporal_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Temporal_pole_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.avi
AG	Superior temporal	Temporal pole	Brocas

"For most people, the brain areas most involved in language processing are the frontal and temporal areas of the left hemisphere."

"and becomes more adult-like, as children begin to understand and use the structure of language more like adults do. But these brain changes do not happen automatically when children reach a certain age – in fact, the changes we see in the brain only happen when children actually learn more words and more complex sentence structure."

Social-emotional animations

Background brain: Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi Hippocampus_T-10-60_R-90.avi	Background brain: last frame of Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi Hippocampus_T-60_R-90_shrink.avi
	start end
Hippocampus	Hippocampus shrinking

"For example there is a brain structure, which looks quite a bit like a seahorse and it is called the Latin name for seahorse, i.e. or “hippocampus”. "

 hippocmpus comparison with a seahorse

Fade in hippocampus (right part of image), first frame of Hippo_seahorse_comparison_comp_R90_T90-10.avi.
Fade our seahorse (left part of image)
Continue with the last frames of  Hippo_seahorse_comparison_comp_R90_T90-10.avi showing hippocampus rotating into place.
Fade to the rest of the animation as is.

"Exposure to repeated stress – for example as a result of being afraid, hungry or interacting with a parent who is abusive, neglectful or depressed—this kind of stress causes the release of chemicals that are toxic to a child’s brain and that weaken its foundation"

Same as above: Hippocampus shrinking (8 frames, Hippocampus_T-60_R-90_shrink.avi), with static background brain (last frame of Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi)

[To Do: Add overlapping animation indicating "release of chemicals".]

Reading animations

Background brain: first frame of Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi Word_form_T-10_R-90.avi	Letters_sound_T-10_R-90.avi	Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.avi
Word form	Letters sound	Brocas	reference image with all three highlighted

"For most people, the brain areas most involved in language processing are the frontal and temporal areas of the left hemisphere."

All side view stills, no rotation:

Head outline and background brain  first frame of Peach_Colin_T-10-60_R90.avi ,  fade out head outline.

Fade-in of all three regions (partially transparent so the brain contours show up a : last frame of Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.avi, any frame of Letters_sound_T-10_R-90.avi, and any frame of Word_form_T-10_R-90.avi)

Music animations

Background brain: Peach_Colin_045-089.avi Music_Amygdala_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Music_ST_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Music_Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.avi	Music_IF_T-10_R-45-90.avi
Music Amygdala	Music Superior-temporal	Music Brocas	Music Inferior-frontal

"Several brain areas are involved in processing music, including the frontal and temporal lobes of both hemispheres." 

[ Remove XXX: Background Brain (Peach_Colin_045-089.avi  rotating from R=45 to R=90,  with a fade-in of all four regions with same rotation   (AG_T-10_R-45-90.avi, Superior_temporal_T-10_R-45-90.avi,  Temporal_pole_T-10_R-45-90.avi, Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.vol.gz ) ]

Revised:

"Several brain areas are involved in processing music, including the frontal and temporal lobes of both hemispheres." 

          Remove rotation from :48 to 1:02:  Start with standard side view head profile and side view brain (no rotation), fade in of all four regions at the side view (only last frame of  AG_T-10_R-45-90.avi, Superior_temporal_T-10_R-45-90.avi,  Temporal_pole_T-10_R-45-90.avi, Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.vol.gz ). Remove right hemisphere blobs, something like this:

(Continue as in original.)

"Interestingly, similar brain areas are active when processing the meaning and structure of a piece of music and when processing language meaning and structure."

Add (fade-in or flash) the corresponding "Language" frames from  AG_T-10_R-45-90.avi, Superior_temporal_T-10_R-45-90.avi,  Brocas_T-10_R-45-90.avi 

"And, that adult musicians, compared to non-musicians, have more brain cells in the areas involved with vision,"

    Static Background Brain Peach_Colin_reference_frames_T-10_R-090.jpg (side view), 

"vision,"

    Fade in first frame of  V1_T-10-60_R-90.avi  and first frame of FFA_T-10-60_R-90.avi

"hearing,"

    Fade in first frame of  Auditory_cortex_T-10-60_R-90.avi.

"and movement."

    Fade in last frame of Motor_T-10_R-135-90.avi.

Introduction animations

"Let’s take a look at a human brain. As you can see it is quite small — around 2-3 pounds – the size of your two fists put together. Indeed, there are two halves to the brain, a left and a right hemisphere that are important for different abilities. **brainstem oldest part controls breathing, temperature we share with other animals; cerebellum imp’t for balance motor coordination; cortex most distinctive and largest in humans (model?). One of the first ways scientists learned the full importance of the brain was by noticing that damage to different parts of the brain caused the loss of very specific functions. For example, damage to this back part of the brain can make a person blind, even if they have perfectly good eyes; damage here on the left hemisphere usually leads to loss of language; and damage to the front of the brain regions can dramatically change an individual’s personality. From observations of the effects of brain damage on behaviour and also by using new brain imaging techniques, we know that the brain is important for every single thing that we know, do and feel. Consider this list of behaviours and feelings that can be lost with specific damage to the brain."